An Educational Guide to Tibial Plateau Fractures

Any break or crack at the top of the shin bone is referred to as a tibial plateau fracture. Tibial plateau fractures are commonly caused by severe trauma, such as those sustained in car accidents or falls. The cartilage surface of the knee joint is often affected by these injuries. This joint helps support body weight and absorbs the impact caused by daily activities. Patients with tibial plateau fractures often experience difficulty bearing weight on their injured knee. Severe cases may require surgical intervention using orthopedic devices. To find high-quality orthopedic implants, consider searching for top-tier orthopedic implant companies. 

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In this post, we will have a detailed look at what tibial plateau fractures are and how they are diagnosed.  

Tibial Plateau Fractures – An Overview

A break in the lower leg just below the knee is known as a tibial plateau fracture. In cases of tibial plateau fractures, it's unusual for only a single bone to be broken. These fractures frequently affect other structures in the knee, such as the meniscus, ligaments, muscles, and tendons. During the diagnosis and treatment of the condition, it is important to consider injuries to all these structures in mind. High-energy events, such as car accidents, are the most common cause of tibial plateau fractures in young patients, while falls are the primary cause in the elderly. Depending on the severity of the impact, the tibia can be broken into two or multiple pieces.  

What Are the Symptoms of Tibia Plateau Fractures?

Fractures are always painful and the same is the case with tibia plateau fractures. Intense pain just below the knee is experienced right after the fracture. Besides pain, other symptoms may also be seen:

●        Difficulty in bearing weight on the affected knee

●        Bruising and swelling on the knee joint

●        Decreased blood flow in the knee results in paleness

●        Joint pain 

Above all, there is also a risk of compartment syndrome in people with tibial plateau fractures. This occurs because of swelling and reduced blood flow in the anterior compartment of the leg. This causes an increase in pressure in the nerves, muscles, and blood vessels. So, it is also important to check for these symptoms after a tibial plateau fracture.  

What is the Diagnosis for Tibial Plateau Fractures?

Physical examination plays a vital role in the diagnosis of tibial plateau fractures. This is because the nerves and blood vessels near the bone may also get injured and hence if this is the case, urgent surgery is likely required. During the physical examination, the healthcare service provider will also look for open wounds as such cases also require immediate surgery. 

Besides the physical examination, imaging tests are also required to confirm the severity of the condition. The tests ordered may include the X-ray, CT scan, and MRI.  

What is the Treatment of Tibial Plateau Fractures?

Some tibial plateau fractures can be managed without surgery using the application of a cast, splint, or knee immobilizer. While on the other hand, in the case of severe fractures where the broken bone gets displaced or multiple fragments are there, surgery is required. Besides this, surgery may also be suggested if compartment syndrome is diagnosed. The surgery often involves the use of orthopedic implants and instruments. The recovery after treatment depends on the severity of the condition along with the age of the patient and other underlying conditions.  

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